Android 7.0 之拍照与图片裁剪适配

在Android 7.0以上,在相机拍照和图片裁剪上,可能会碰到以下一些错误:

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Process: com.yuyh.imgsel, PID: 22995

// 错误1
android.os.FileUriExposedException: file:///storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.yuyh.imgsel/cache/1486438962645.jpg exposed beyond app through ClipData.Item.getUri()

// 错误2
android.os.FileUriExposedException: file:///storage/emulated/0/DCIM/RxGalleryFinal/IMG_20161018180127.jpg exposed beyond app through Intent.getData()

主要是由于在Android 7.0以后,用了Content Uri 替换了原本的File Uri,故在targetSdkVersion=24的时候,部分 Uri.fromFile() 方法就不适用了。

File Uri 与 Content Uri 的区别

  • File Uri 对应的是文件本身的存储路径
  • Content Uri 对应的是文件在Content Provider的路径

所以在android 7.0 以上,我们就需要将File Uri转换为 Content Uri。具体转换方法如下:

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/**
* 转换 content:// uri
*
* @param imageFile
* @return
*/
public Uri getImageContentUri(File imageFile) {
String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath();
Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(
MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI,
new String[] { MediaStore.Images.Media._ID },
MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ",
new String[] { filePath }, null);

if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
int id = cursor.getInt(cursor
.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID));
Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media");
return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id);
} else {
if (imageFile.exists()) {
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);
return getContentResolver().insert(
MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);
} else {
return null;
}
}
}

那么,我们在裁剪的时候,应该如下调用:

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private void crop(String imagePath) {
File file = new File("xxx.jpg");
cropImagePath = file.getAbsolutePath();

Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP");
intent.setDataAndType(getImageContentUri(new File(imagePath)), "image/*");
intent.putExtra("crop", "true");
intent.putExtra("aspectX", config.aspectX);
intent.putExtra("aspectY", config.aspectY);
intent.putExtra("outputX", config.outputX);
intent.putExtra("outputY", config.outputY);
intent.putExtra("scale", true);
intent.putExtra("return-data", false);
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(file));
intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString());
intent.putExtra("noFaceDetection", true);
startActivityForResult(intent, IMAGE_CROP_CODE);
}

这样就解决了裁剪的问题,但是!!拍照的时候就会出现以下错误:

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Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
if (cameraIntent.resolveActivity(getActivity().getPackageManager()) != null) {
tempFile = new File(FileUtils.createRootPath(getActivity()) + "/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
LogUtils.e(tempFile.getAbsolutePath());
FileUtils.createFile(tempFile);
cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(tempFile));
startActivityForResult(cameraIntent, REQUEST_CAMERA);
}
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android.os.FileUriExposedException: file:///storage/emulated/0/Android/data/com.yuyh.imgsel/cache/1486438962645.jpg exposed beyond app through ClipData.Item.getUri()

这是因为拍照存储的文件,也需要以Content Uri的形式,故采用以下办法解决:

Step.1

修改AndroidManifest.xml

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<application
...>

<provider
android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="{替换为你的包名}.provider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="@xml/provider_paths"/>
</provider>
</application>

Step.2

在res/xml/下新建provider_paths.xml文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<external-path name="external_files" path="."/>
</paths>

Step.3

修改拍照时的参数

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cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, FileProvider.getUriForFile(getActivity(),BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".provider", tempFile)); //Uri.fromFile(tempFile)

搞定!